Showing posts with label Health and Fitness. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Health and Fitness. Show all posts

Friday, 7 March 2014

Culture & Baby Care: "Don't Wash Your Hair!" -- 10 Weirdest Traditional Chinese Advices On Pregnancy in Hong Kong

Pregnancy in Hong Kong is more than just having that baby
Image from memecentre.com

Talk to any Hong Konger in Hong Kong and they will know tonnes about traditional Chinese "advices" on pregnancy. Here are some of the weirdest:

1. Don't wash your hair after giving birth (don't even touch water if possible)!!
Oily hair?
Image from popsci.com

Why is water such an evil for the new mother? Logical theories behind this is that water could get into the wounds causing infections. Illogical theories go further to say even your hands, face an even hair should not come into contact with water because doing so will allow "cold wind" to enter your body, causing joint pain and headache at old age.

IMHO, who doesn't get joint pain and headache at old age anyway? Also, this might be true in the old days when people live in cottages and farmlands without electricity such that they cannot enjoy a quick body dry with a heater and a hairdryer, but we are now lucky enough to have them accessible almost immediately allowing us the warmest air the moment we step out of the water! How on earth can anything cold get to us?

The key is to maintain good personal hygiene, especially when the mother is still at hospital. You don't want your baby to drink dirty milk or touch by your germy hands!

What my wife did is, she showered and washed her hair since day 1 and then lied to all our parents.


2. Use ginger peel to boil water for bath (to remove "cold wind" from the body)!!
Ginger peel
Image from penandfork

"Okay, if you must have shower or bath, use boiled ginger peel water." Most Hong Kong mothers will consider this an amazing moment when their parents finally let them touch water after a month of "dry spell". While Chinese medicine believes that ginger does have the "expelling wind" property, how much "wind" can be expelled from the body while having that water running down the body in seconds? Take note, you don't get continuous water flow from the shower head in this case, just water from buckles. Yup, the Japanese bath house style.
Japanese bathing
Image from melbuttle.com.au

3. Don't say anything good or bad about your baby!!
"I heard you say good things about me! Now I'm gonna be bad! Real bad!!"
Image from cookylamoo.com

This is classic! I am the victim of this rule for all so many times!!! When I praised by baby, my parents will snap at me,
"Don't you say that! The baby will get angry!"

What this means is, the baby will behave just the opposite of what good has been said about her as soon as she hears it. Taboo!! At first, I found this laughable, but after much snapping from both my mum and MIL, I have learned to try very hard to shut up. The most ridiculous thing is, they are allowed to say good things about the baby, just not me and my wife!!!

If you consider this a logic, then saying bad things about the baby would work. Unfortunately, wrong again! I still get snapped! What am I supposed to say about my baby then? Should I say "I think she is really ****!"?


4. Don't tell anyone you are pregnant in the first 3 months (or first trimester)!!
Shhhhhh!!!!!
Image from doggenie.com

Yet another taboo is to tell others you are pregnant in the first 3 months or the first trimester because the foetus will get angry and decide to opt for a miscarriage.

WHAT ON EARTH!! Does this make any sense to you? I would really love to know the statistics for this myth because if miscarriage is that easy, then that will be a great news for countries with birth control problem!

5. Drink more fish soup, then you'll have more breast milk!!
Fish soup or fish meat? Or simply meat?
Image from whatsonxiamen.com

I understand the rationale of a protein-high diet, but why must it be fish soup? Haven't all dieticians already said that drinking soup alone does not add much protein but instead one should eat those meats in the soup?

So don't just drink soup, eat soup!

But then if one should eat meat, then why must it be from the soup? Why can't the meat be an individual dish?


6. Don't let pregnant lady touch your baby's head!!
If a pregnant woman touches your baby's head, your baby will get sick!
Image from aboutyournewborn.files.wordpress.com
This one is related to the transfer of bad luck from the foetus to the baby? Or is it the absorption of the baby's good luck by the pregnant mum then transferring it to her own foetus? No idea! I don't think the possibility of casting a curse by a normal female is high in this case, just make sure she doesn't have a wand in her hand and she doesn't say "Avada Kedavra!"


8. Rest at home and don't go anywhere a month before and after delivery!!
Friends gathering and shopping really help a pregnant woman psychologically
Image form humptybumptykids.com

I get it, it is to stay away from germs and bacteria, dusty air, pollutions and dangers, but hey, one will get crazy and all moody if one is being locked up for 2 whole months!! What about all those psychological health issues? Don't we need to care about it? My wife had a breakdown after much pressure from her mum and all these weird advices! I seriously think that post-natal depression is actually caused by ill advices from mothers!!!

The solution? Ran out, escaped and shopped!!! So gentlemen, encourage your wife to get out there!


9. Eating "cold" food will lead to miscarriage!!

So, consuming "cold" food in the Chinese term, refers to fruits such as watermelons, mango, etc. and actually cold food in terms of temperature such as ice-cream, cold soda, etc. AGAIN will kill the baby in the first 9 months of pregnancy, but they are fine in the final month.

Statistics! Where are you? Hello!


For the fruits, I can only see the health benefits of them. For cold food, it takes so little energy to warm the cold food back up in the stomach! The mother's body regulates the temperature and so none of those cold stuff will actually get pass your baby's umbilical cord!


10. Don't put nails on anything, don't move your bed, don't renovate your house!!
Moving Earth?
Image from CNET

Feng shui has this thing called "Moving Earth", if you do any of the above, you are "moving earth" and so you disrupt the stability of your home, hence your baby in the wome. Is it fine then after baby's delivery? Well, Feng shui-speaking, yes, but you don't want your baby breathing in chemicals and dust anyway.

Okay, but this only explains why you shouldn't renovate your house, what about moving bed and nailing things? I don't see a single logical argument in these two.


I'm sure there are so much more you can think of, why do you share with me some from your culture?


Vocabulary:
IMHO -- (internet slang) In My Humble / Honest Opinion
snap -- (vb) [I or T] to say something suddenly in an angry way:
MIL -- (internet slang) Mother-in-law
taboo -- (n)[C] an action or word that is avoided for religious or social reasons:
dietician -- (n)[C] (also dietitian) a person who scientifically studies and gives advice about food and eating
foetus -- (n)[C] (US also fetus) a young human being or animal before birth, after the organs have started to develop
post-natal depression -- (n) Postpartum depression (PPD), also called postnatal depression, is a type of clinical depression which can affect women, and less frequently men, typically after childbirth.
umbilical cord -- (n)[C] In placental mammals, the umbilical cord (also called the navel string, birth cord or funiculus umbilicalis) is a conduit between the developing embryo or fetus and the placenta.


Resources:
Post-natal depression @ Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-natal_depression

What do “heaty” and “cooling” in TCM really mean? @ Men's Health Singapore
http://www.menshealth.com.sg/health/what-do-%E2%80%9Cheaty%E2%80%9D-and-%E2%80%9Ccooling%E2%80%9D-tcm-really-mean

What are Heaty and Cooling Foods?
http://www.benefits-of-honey.com/heaty.html

Does Drinking Ice Water Burn Calories? @ YouTube
http://youtu.be/DbUa10nJ3r4

Feng Shui 2014 @ Lotus Fengshui
http://www.lotusfengshui.co.uk/yearly-updates/feng-shui-2014/

Umbilical Cord @ Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbilical_cord

http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/snap_4
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/dietitian?q=dietician+
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/foetus?q=foetus+
http://harrypotter.wikia.com/wiki/Killing_Curse

Tuesday, 11 February 2014

Baby Care: The Pampus Diapers Comparison


Is the Pampers Premium Care (left) better than the Baby Dry (right)?
Image from Locky's English Playground
Ever since my baby Muse arrived to this planet, numerous relatives and dear friends have offered their best wishes in the forms of baby clothes and baby products. One form that is always welcome is of course diapers. There are many brands available in Hong Kong but Pampers is one of the best choices out there. For the purpose of gifting, the general impression is that it is best to buy the more expensive version.

The question is, is the more expensive version necessarily better than the standard?

In this post, I would like to share not only my opinions, but also opinions gathered from friends about the two versions of diapers -- Baby Dry and Premium Care.


Price Difference

Image from Locky's English Playground,
Source from Consumer Council
Hong Kongers are smart, particularly when it comes to saving money. Let's assume you are able to get the cheapest of each version from the supermarkets listed below, then the cost per diaper as of 10th Feb 2014 will be,

Premium Care (NB):  $49.9  / 36  = $1.39
Super Dry (NB):          $44.9  / 40  = $1.12
Premium Care (S):     $108.5 / 62  = $1.75
Super Dry (S):             $108.9 / 76  = $1.43
Premium Care (M):     $129.9 / 56  = $2.32
Super Dry (L):              $121.9 / 54  = $2.26
Super Dry (XL):           $121.9 / 46  = $2.65

Several key points worth noting here:
  1. everyone of the version and size above comes with different number of diapers. Tricky!!! 
  2. premium care is more expensive than Super Dry by roughly $0.2 to $0.3 per piece.
  3. sizes not listed for Super Dry (M), Premium Care (L) and Premium Care (XL) are available but prices are not listed in the Consumer Council Price Check webpage.


Packaging

Pampers Premium Care
Image from Locky's English Playground
Premium Care has a white packet with 5 golden stars and a "Imported from Japan" emphasis in Chinese to make sure that you know this is a more superior version. The English words on the packet are at its minimal, showing only "Pampers Premium Care".

Pampers Baby Dry
Image from Locky's English Playground
Baby Dry has a green packet showing a baby sleeping very well, a couple of cartoon giraffes and human baby and a mother(or maid?) without a face. The only English word on the packet is "Pampers".

From this I can conclude that they do not care much about the non-Chinese customers and they assume that you know what you are buying anyway.


Size

Baby Dry (left, M) and Premium Care (right, S)
Image from Locky's English Playground

My baby has used both version of Pampers from newborn (NB) to small (S) to now medium (M), I can say that the difference between NB and S aren't that much different, that the overall length and width is about 0.5" longer. If you are thinking that you want to save more money, then of course go for the NB first and then upsize when your baby gets bigger. However, if you are getting discounts to buy then obviously you should get the S to avoid not having the right size diaper when you suddenly realise your baby has grown much bigger overnight. Generally speaking, I don't look at the suggested age part, I simply go by how comfortable it looks on my baby.

That being said, the M is really much bigger than S, yet you should still get some M for your baby when you realised that the S is not containing all that faeces. My baby girl started using M at less than 3 months old.


Quality

Microhooks that attaches to furry material but does not scratch baby's skin
Image from Locky's English Playground
Microhooks, not so magnified
Image from Locky's English Playground
Both versions have identical resealable tapes in the form of microhooks that attach to fibrous material but does not scratch baby's skin.

Baby Dry (left, M) and Premium Care (right, S)
Image from Locky's English Playground
Both have the same elasticated leg cuffs, both have the moist indicator line running through the middle of the diaper in NB and S size.

Baby Dry looks less detailed in manufacturing than Premium Care as you can see simple piece of cotton on the left diaper whereas the net pattern is prominent on the right. Surprisingly, the liquid absorbent in the Baby Dry version seems to perform much better than the one in Premium Care, so much that when the diapers are wet, the Baby Dry one remains dry inside while the Premium Care one soaks the buttocks, causing diaper rashes.


Conclusion

Needless to say, I prefer Baby Dry than Premium Care because it costs less and it more comfortable for my baby.

If there is a complaint to make, I would pick the absence of the moist indicator line in M (probably in X and XL). Why is Pampers going stingy on a line like that?



Vocabulary:
gifting -- (n) [U] The act, right, or power of giving.
faeces -- (n)[plural] formal (mainly US feces) the solid waste passed out of the body of a human or animal through the bowels:
elasticated leg cuff -- (n)[C] the material at the end of the diaper near the legs
resealable tape -- (n)[C] a tape that can be use multiple times to seal a diaper at the waist level
fibrous -- (adj) made of fibres, or like fibre


Resources:

Baby Dry @ Pampers
http://www.pampers.com/baby-diaper-baby-dry

Premium Care @ Pampers
http://translate.google.com.hk/translate?hl=en&sl=zh-TW&u=http://www.pampers.com.hk/&prev=/search?q%3Dpampers%2Bhong%2Bkong%2Benglish%26espv%3D210%26es_sm%3D122

Consumer Council 消費者委員會 - Supermarket Price Watch @ Consumer Council
http://www3.consumer.org.hk/pricewatch/supermarket/index.php?keyword=pampers

Diaper @ Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaper

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feces

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/gifting
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/faeces?q=+faeces
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/fibrous_1?q=fibrous

Monday, 19 August 2013

Medical, Health & Fitness: Which Honeys and Manuka Honeys Are The Best?


Consumer Council head Wong Yuk-shan. Photo: David Wong
Image and caption from SCMP
I have always enjoyed reading researches, and the Consumer Council of Hong Kong has often impressed me the most.

In Issue 441, the Consumer Council released the findings of their research on 40 General Honeys and 15 Manuka Honeys available in Hong Kong's supermarkets, department stores and retail shops. According to the labels, these honeys are made in New Zealand, Australia, France, Germany, Spain, Switzerland, Belgium, Italy, UK, Canada, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Japan.

Is Cheap Always Bad?
Image from Locky's English Playground
All 55 samples were subjected to multiple tests carried out by labs in Belgium, Germany and UK, namely,
  1. Safety Test: Test for the presence of ChloramphenicolNitrofuransStreptomycins, SulfonamidesTetracyclinesQuinolones and Macrolides.
  2. Added Sugar Test: AOAC998.12 test for C4 Sugar (corn syrup and cane syrup) and C3 Sugar (rice syrup, wheat syrup, chicory syrup).
  3. Origin Analysis: Use pollen to recover plant types thus the origins of the honeys and compare with the labelled origin.
  4. Common Quality Test: Test for the amount of moisture content, Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), diastase, invertase, sugar content and the level of fermentation.
  5. Manuka Honey Anti-bacterial Activity Test: Test for Methylglyoxal, MGO content and  (Non-Peroxide Activity, NPA; Total Activity, TA) as compared with the NPA and TA of a phenol solution.

All tests are based on the Codex Standard for Honey, CODEX. and full documentation can be downloaded from here.


EXTRACT OF DOCUMENTATION
Content Threshold
Moisture
Not > 20%; Heather honey (Calluna): Not > 23%
Total Fructose & Glucose
Not < 60%;
Honeydew honey, blends of honeydew honey with blossom honey, Not < 45%
Sucrose
Not > 5g/100g
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa), Citrus spp., False Acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia), French Honeysuckle (Hedysarum), Menzies Banksia (Banksia menziesii),Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), Leatherwood (Eucryphia lucida), Eucryphia milligani, Not > 10g/100g
Lavender (Lavandula spp),Borage (Borago officinalis), Not > 15g / 100g
HMF
Not > 40mg / kg
honey of declared origin from countries or regions with tropical ambient temperatures, and blends of these honeys, the HMF content shall Not be > 80 mg/kg
Diastase Activity
Not < 8 Schade units
honeys with a low natural enzyme content Not < 3 Schade Units
Others
3.1      Honey sold as such shall not have added to it any food ingredient, including food additives, nor shall any other additions be made other than honey. Honey shall not have any objectionable matter, flavour, aroma, or taint absorbed from foreign matter during its processing and storage. The honey shall not have begun to ferment or effervesce.
No pollen or constituent particular to honey may be removed except where this is unavoidable in the removal of foreign inorganic or organic matter.
6.1.8  Where honey has been designated according to floral, plant source, or by the name of a geographical or topological region, then the name of the country where the honey has been produced shall be declared.

The findings are truly amazing!!! For those of you who can read Chinese or knows someone who can, it is highly recommended that you purchase a soft copy of the report from the Consumer Council website to support what they do (I do!).

But for our English Playground readers, you definitely can benefit from the core of the matter.

First Choice (left) and Select (right)
Image from Consumer Council

For general honeys, among 40 samples, 16 samples earned a rating of 5-star, 12 others earned 4.5-star and 5 earned 4-star.

The best and cheapest of the 5 stars are:

  1. First Choice Pure Australian Honey, 400g, HK$8.4 / 100g
  2. Select Pure Honey, 400g, HK$8.5 / 100g

I live closer to ParkNShop than to Wellcome so I bought Select Pure Honey.

5 Star Waitemata (left), 4.5 Star Airborne (center) and 4.5 Star hnz (right)
Image from Consumer Council

As for Manuka honeys, among 15 samples, only 1 sample earned a rating of 5-star, 7 others earned 4.5-star and 5 earned 4 stars.

The 5 star Manuka is:
  1. Waitemata Manuka UMF®15 New Zealand Honey, 500g, HK$107.6 / 100g
But the cheapest among the 4.5 stars are:
  1. Airborne Manuka Honey Active NPA 8+, 500g, HK$39.6 / 100g
  2. hnz New Zealand Manuka Honey UMF®10+, 500g, HK$45.6 / 100g
Airborne Manuka Honey Active NPA 8+ couldn't earn a 5-star because it has been tested with an NPA lower than 8 while hnz New Zealand Manuka Honey UMF®10+ has an invertase lower than 28 units.

FYI, Active Manuka Honey Association, AMHA provides a rough conversion table for UMF : MGO.

NPA UMF MGO
3 3 30
6 6 100
10 10 250
13 13 400
16 16 550
Source from Consumer Council

So if you are not a big fan of bigger NPA / UMF / MGO numbers, you can simply go for the cheaper 4.5-star ones.

Last but not least, I have some facts from the research article for you.

Some Facts of Manuka Honey from the Consumer Council's Research Article

  1. There isn't enough evidence to show that the consumption of general honeys or Manuka honeys heals / cures / prevent diseases or strengthen our immune system.
  2. Diabetes patients should go easy on honeys.
  3. Honeys and its ingredients might cause allergic reactions to some people.
  4. Tonnes of evidence shows that honey helps curing wounds and cuts mainly due to its anti-bacterial properties.
  5. Manuka Honeys with MGO do have anti-bacterial properties, but it is not a property solely possessed by Manuka Honey, for example, certain medicinal honeys.
  6. The viability of honey for external use should not be equated to that for internal use, that is, its anti-bacterial properties may not sustain inside our body. Evidence from large double-blinded clinical trial experiments are absent at the moment.
  7. The level of nutrients in honey isn't of much difference from normal sugar.
  8. Overconsumption of honey will increase the risk of obesity, similar to that of normal sugar.
  9. Infants below the age of 1 should not consume honey, as infection by Clostridium botulinum pores causing infant botulism is possible.

Baby with Infant Botulism
Image from botulismsymptoms.org

This report on honeys by the Consumer Council has stirred massive responses from the honey companies. If you want to read them, please see Resources below.


Vocabulary:
Chloramphenicol
Nitrofurans
Streptomycins
Sulfonamides
Tetracyclines
Quinolones
Macrolides
Hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF
Diastase
Invertase
Methylglyoxal, MGO
Non-Peroxide Activity, NPA
Unique Manuka Factor, UMF
phenol
viability -- (n) ability to work as intended or to succeed 
equate to sth -- (phrasal verb) to be the same in amount, number, or size:
Clostridium botulinum -- (n)[S] a Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that produces several toxins. The best known are its neurotoxins, subdivided in types A-G, that cause the flaccid muscular paralysis seen in botulism. They are also the main paralytic agent in botox. C. botulinum is an anaerobic spore-former, which produces oval, subterminal endospores and is commonly found in soil.
Infant botulism -- (n) n humans, a rare but sometimes fatal paralytic illness. Foodborne botulism is an intoxication caused by consuming food contaminated with the botulinum toxin;



Resources:
Health and Fitness: Manuka Honey (1st Suggested Cure for Mouth Ulcers) @ Locky's English Playground
http://lockyep.blogspot.hk/2010/01/health-and-fitness-manuka-honey-1st.html

List of standards @ CODEX Alimentarius
http://www.codexalimentarius.org/standards/list-of-standards/en/?provide=standards&orderField=fullReference&sort=asc&num1=CODEX

Standard for Honey @ CODEX Alimentarius
http://www.codexalimentarius.org/download/standards/310/cxs_012e.pdf

Calluna @ Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calluna

Consumer Council
http://www.consumer.org.hk/website/ws_en/

NZ vows to look into Hong Kong's manuka honey test findings @ South China Morning Post
http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1287903/nz-vows-look-hong-kongs-manuka-honey-test-findings

There's something funny going on with honey, says Consumer Council @ South China Morning Post
http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1283519/consumer-watchdog-says-some-honey-brands-contain-rogue-sugar

News : National : Hong Kong consumer body questions NZ manuka honey @ Radio New Zealand
http://www.radionz.co.nz/news/national/214689/hong-kong-consumer-body-questions-nz-manuka-honey

Manuka Honey Test Finds Rogue Ingredients @ Stuff.co.nz
http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/industries/8928858/Manuka-honey-fall-fouls-of-overseas-tests

Worrying manuka honey test brings call for action @ Otago Daily Times Online News : Otago, South Island, New Zealand & International News
http://www.odt.co.nz/news/farming/266065/worrying-manuka-honey-test-brings-call-action

NZ Honey Comes under Scrutiny in Hong Kong @ Scoop News
http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/BU1307/S00648/nz-honey-comes-under-scrutiny-in-hong-kong.htm

No Sugar Added @ Comvita
http://www.comvita.co.nz/news-media/general-news/no-sugar-added.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloramphenicol
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrofurans
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptomycin
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfonamides
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetracyclines
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinolones
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrolides
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxymethylfurfural
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diastase
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invertase
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylglyoxal
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenol

Clostridium botulinum @ Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clostridium_botulinum

Infant botulism @ Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infant_botulism

http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/viability?q=viability+
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/equate-to-sth

Wednesday, 7 August 2013

Health & Fitness: Is Halogen Oven Safe For The Health?


A chicken in a halogen oven
Image from German Pool
Yes, it is kind of new, and yes, it is convenient, energy-efficient, high-power and quick when getting your food cooked, especially the chicken. (Don't understand why every halogen oven ad has a whole chicken in it, maybe it is the most difficult thing to cook thoroughly.)

Whole chicken in the halogen oven
Image from German Pool

Some companies claim that this halogen oven only takes 1/3 of the cooking time conventional appliances do and saves up to 60% on energy costs, simplifying all the steps involved in the cooking methods such as grill, bake, pan-fry, braise, toast, steam, broil, roast, reheat and defrost into just ONE step -- put the food in, I mean, how cool is that? Who wouldn't want one? Who doesn't you want to become a master chef who can cook a whole chicken by effortlessly turning a knob in the machine?

Whole chicken already cooked by a halogen oven
Image from Groupon.hk
That's not all, looking at that attractive price makes me want to grab one immediately!

But wait! I can smell something fishy here...

If there is something this magical, shouldn't there be something weird to it too? Specifically, will eating the food cooked with a halogen oven causes cancer? At the end of the day, the food is to be eaten, everything that goes through our gastrointestinal tract should first be asked about its safety.

The Centre of Food Safety of Hong Kong has an article talking about Radiation and Food Safety of using a halogen oven, which I must say, is very poorly written. I have included a screen-cap of it below:

Image from cfs.gov.hk
Excuse me! Why are we talking about disinfecting food here? I want to know if the food cooked by a halogen oven will cause cancer or not, why are you telling me about germs and spores? Which high-temperature cooking method doesn't kill germs and spores I ask you?

There isn't much answers from the internet when searching in English. Luckily, with the help of my wife -- who remembers watching something about the halogen oven from the news -- I finally found the relevant information I need.

Associate Professor Dr. Lam of the biology and chemistry department @ City University of Hong Kong
Image from appledaily.com.hk
In the news article and the video, Dr. Lam argues that the cooking food with a halogen oven through the use of far infrared is practically the same as barbecuing food. During the cooking process, once the temperature reaches over 300°C, the amino acids, creatine (and glucose) react to produce a chemical substance known as heterocyclic amine (HCA), some of which are known to be carcinogenic[1]. He further stated that as the creatine level is high in chicken, more HCAs will be created in the process of cooking with halogen oven.

At constant cooking temperature of 115°C, creatine level stablises at around 2 minutes, so as the HCAs level
Images from edb.utexas.edu
But to be fair, we can't blame the halogen oven for producing carcinogenic food, the culprits are the high-temp cooking methods. According to Pais et al.(1999), Researchers have identified 16 types of HCAs produced from the cooking of muscle meats (beef, chicken breast, chicken thigh, turkey breast, pork and fish) which could increase the risk of cancer in human. Chicken meat is definitely on the list of course, also are beef, pork, fish and other poultry[2]. As for seafood, Rizwan Khan et al. (2013) discovers that fried swordfish is among the richest known sources of HCAs which is even higher than that in fried chicken[3].


The level of creatine does not stablise with temperature rises
Images from edb.utexas.edu
All in all, it is important to know that the higher the cooking temperature the lower the creatine in meat and the more the HCAs are produced. This production of HCAs cannot be avoided as long as cooking is involved, so in this "the-devil-and-the-deep-blue-sea" situation, it is therefore better to cook meats slowly at a lower temperature than to cook meats quickly at a higher temperature, since the level of creatine and HCAs do level off at a constant temperature with increasing cooking time.

Sometimes, faster isn't better.

Image from blog.pcnametag.com

Image from inboundsales.net


Therefore, our conclusion is that using a halogen oven for cooking does not directly cause immediate health hazards, but whether the way it has been marketed as a convenient, time-saving, high-speed cooking appliance actually induces the users desire to cook speedier food at a higher temperature more frequently could make a great topic for discussions.

For more information, do read the articles listed in the Resources sessions below. And as always, leave a comment below and tell me what you think. You may also like to download the Locky's English Playground app for better reading experience on your Android smartphone (sorry, no iPhone app).


Vocabulary:
halogen oven / cooker / cooking pot -- (n)[C] an appliance which uses far infrared from a halogen lamp to cook food
smell fishy -- to seem suspicious.
gastrointestinal tract -- (n)[C] the stomach and intestine,[1] sometimes including all the structures from the mouth to the anus.
far infrared -- (n)[U] a region in the infrared spectrum of electromagnetic radiation. Far infrared is often defined as any radiation with a wavelength of 15 micrometers (µm) to 1 mm (corresponding to a range of about 20 THz to 300 GHz), which places far infrared radiation within the CIE IR-B and IR-C bands.
heterocyclic amine (HCA) -- (n)[U] chemical compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring, which by definition has atoms of at least two different elements, plus the compound has at least one amine (nitrogen-containing) group. Carcinogenic heterocyclic amines are created by high temperature cooking of meat, for example.
carcinogenic -- (adj) refers to a substance that causes cancer
culprit -- (n)[C] fact or situation that is the reason for something bad happening:
the devil and the deep blue sea -- (idiom) to have two choices that are both equally unpleasant or not convenient
hazard -- (n)[C] something that is dangerous and likely to cause damage:


Resources:
Food Safety Focus - Radiation and Food Safety @ Centre for Food Safety
http://www.cfs.gov.hk/english/multimedia/multimedia_pub/multimedia_pub_fsf_56_02.html

Halogen Cooking Pot | HK Top Brand | Hong Kong Q-Mark @ German Pool
http://www.germanpool.com/eng/products/list_hp.php

光波爐煮食如BBQ 患癌機會增 @ Apple Daily
http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20121104/18057214

錫紙BBQ損性能力 光波爐都唔啱食 @ YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=olme80Ut0GI

Far Infrared @ Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Far_infrared

Heterocyclic amine (HCAs) @ Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterocyclic_amine

[1] Handbook of Analysis of Active Compounds in Functional Foods
http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=9yLrG9OgfM8C&pg=PA107&lpg=PA107&dq=Pais+et+al.+(1999)+creatine&source=bl&ots=S_crTvNRw9&sig=S1aqQa_Zcf85xeOWgnB8ozwPC5w&hl=en&sa=X&ei=YfYBUt_kGc3PlAXA8oHYCw&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Pais%20et%20al.%20(1999)%20creatine&f=false

[2] Formation of Mutagenic/Carcinogenic Heterocyclic Amines in Dry-Heated Model Systems, Meats, and Meat Drippings - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (ACS Publications)
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf980644e

[3] Identification of Seafood as an Important Dietary Source of Heterocyclic Amines by Chemometry and Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/tx4001682

Creatine Supplementation: Maintenance of Elevated Levels through the Diet @ The University of Texus At Austin
http://www.edb.utexas.edu/ssn/SN%20PDF/Creatine-Levels%20&%20Diet.PDF

Technology & Message: Locky's English Playground App v1.0.1 (Alpha) @ Locky's English Playground
http://lockyep.blogspot.com/2013/08/technology-message-lockys-english.html

http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/smell+fishy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/carcinogenic?q=carcinogenic+
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/culprit?q=culprit
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/be-between-the-devil-and-the-deep-blue-sea?q=the+devil+and+the+deep+blue+sea
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/hazard_1?q=hazard+

Tuesday, 4 June 2013

Drink, Health & Fitness: Caffeine -- How Much Is Too Much?


Who know what this is?
Image from Wikipedia

I admit, I'm addicted to DNews, if I don't watch it for a day, I'm lost, I can't concentrate. Does that make DNews a drug?

Well, of course not. I'm just addicted to the knowledge, but hey, there is something maybe both you and me are kind of addicted to already, and that thing is in tea, coffee, soft drinks, energy drinks and even chewing gums!

It's CAFFEINE!
Drinking coffee while writing this post
Image from Locky's English Playground

What? Caffeine is a drug? If it is, why are they so common? If it is, Starbucks is practically a pharmacy!

Well, denial is the longest river in the world. (The Nile ~ Denial? The Nile ~ Denial? The Nile ~ Denial?) Why don't you watch the following video first?



Here's a summary, caffeine can cause caffeine intoxication which can cause restlessness, nervousness, excitement, red faces,  gastrointestinal distress, muscle twitching, rambling speech, sleeplessness, rapid and irregular heartbeat.

After the caffeine wears off, caffeine withdrawal kicks in which can cause headaches, fatigue, difficulties concentrating and a depressed mood. Doctors say 500-600mg of caffeine can cause serious side effects.

Here's a list of common caffeine sources sorted in ascending amount of caffeine,

  •   35mg of caffeine = a can of coke
  •   75mg of caffeine = a shot of espresso
  •   80mg of caffeine = a Red Bull
  • 250mg of caffeine = a 12oz tall Starbucks coffee

Yeah, and I heard people say that after drinking Red Bull, they get that serious "Red Bull hangover", seems like Starbucks coffee is 3 times worse!!! (But how come I don't get these hangovers often?)

Caffeine is not all that bad considering it might lower the risk of prostate cancer, diabetes, liver diseases, Alzheimer's, stroke and Parkinson's disease. But, all these, might need further research to confirm. Should you not want to take any risk of being affected by the caffeine, yet still want to enjoy the taste and aroma of coffee, why not try decaf coffee?

So how is caffeine removed from from decaf coffee?


In short, there are the methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, carbon dioxide and water processing methods. None of these methods completely removes caffeine from the material but a decaf coffee in the United States should have less than 2.5% of the original caffeine content. Other places, no idea.

Whatever your choice is, take my advice, don't overdo anything, and you'll be okay.


Vocabulary:
caffeine intoxication -- (n)[U] A syndrome typically occurs only after ingestion of large amounts of caffeine, well over the amounts found in typical caffeinated beverages and caffeine tablets (e.g. more than 400–500 mg per at a time)
gastrointestinal distress -- (n)[U] including diarrhea, dyspepsia, and/or gastroenteritis
twitching -- (n)[U] sudden small movement with a part of the body, usually without intending to:
rambling -- (adj) too long and confused:
wear off -- (phrasal vb) If a feeling or the effect of something wears off, it gradually disappears:
kick in -- informal  (phrasal vbto start to have an effect or to happen:
fatigue -- (n)[U] formal extreme tiredness:
Red Bull hangover -- (n)[U] When you wake up really early the next morning and your heart is pounding because you drank so much Red Bull the night before.


Resources:
Caffeine @ Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caffeine

EDITORIAL: Now, a war on caffeine @ The Washington Times
http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2013/may/8/now-a-war-on-caffeine/

DR. BETSY: How much caffeine is too much? @ Evansville Courier & Press
http://www.courierpress.com/news/2013/may/09/dr-betsy-how-much-caffeine-is-too-much/

Is Caffeine Making Us Crazy? @ YouTube
http://youtu.be/xngUYiht-hE

Medical & Drinks: Coffee seems to lower the risk of lethal prostate cancer @ Locky's English Playground
http://lockyep.blogspot.hk/2011/05/medical-drinks-coffee-seems-to-lower.html

Health and Fitness: Healthy Coffee?? @ Locky's English Playground
http://lockyep.blogspot.hk/2010/01/health-and-fitness-healthy-coffee.html

How Do You Decaffeinate Coffee and Tea? @ YouTube
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uhAJ-zL5-QU&feature=share&list=UUiefLm_nIz_gOH7XHbgpdCQ

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caffeine_intoxication#Caffeine_toxicity
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRAT_diet
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/twitch_1?q=twitching+
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/rambling_1?q=rambling+
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/wear-off?q=wear+off+-
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/kick-in?q=kick+in
http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Red%20Bull%20hangover